ABSTRACT
Entrepreneurship, in economy, has become an essential tool to strengthen business ideas, it allows to consolidate business ideas with productivity and competitiveness. Currently, post pandemic-Covid 19- stage, the economy is strengthening and reactivating, as well as new initiatives as family economic investment alternatives. The objective of this research was to analyze the existing weaknesses in the positioning of enterprises in the handicraft market of the association "Formando Hombres y Mujeres Artesanas" of the canton La Libertad. The qualitative and quantitative methodology was applied for this research, the techniques used for data collection were a survey and direct observation. The results were analyzed through a reliability calculation that was made in relation to Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, reflecting 0.7538322, which places it in a high magnitude range. Therefore, this affirms the reliability of the instrument used to identify the incidence of strategies and tools for brand management. The results showed the shortcomings when offering the products of the artisan women to tourists, due to lack of knowledge of brand management in the artisan market.
ABSTRACT
Presentations spanned a range of applications: the public health impacts of poor air quality and environmental justice;greenhouse gas measuring, monitoring, reporting, and verification (GHG MMRV);stratospheric ozone monitoring;and various applications of satellite observations to improve models, including data assimilation in global Earth system models. The combination of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and NO2 retrievals can improve confidence in emissions inventories and model performance, and together these data products would be of use in future air quality management tools. The ability to retrieve additional trace gases (e.g., ethane, isoprene, and ammonia) in the thermal IR along with those measured in the UV–Vis–NIR region would be extremely useful for air quality applications, including source apportionment analysis (e.g., for oil/natural gas extraction, biogenic, and agricultural sources). Ground-level ozone is one of six criteria pollutants for which the EPA sets National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) to protect against human health and welfare effects.
ABSTRACT
This book meticulously focuses on seeing technological solutions of overtourism on decimated destinations from a comprehensive viewpoint. Considering the present crisis situation, the global tourism industry is in need to formulate revised strategies to recover and to be more resilient. The book creates a platform to deliberate the measures needed to be taken to tackle the issue of this most recent crisis of COVID-19 on the lens of overtourism and technology application. The book adds some unique suggestions to direct a new outlook towards overtourism, technology solutions and decimated destinations. This book discusses the responsibilities of tourists towards decimated destinations as well as provides in-deep knowledge and debates about technological solutions to overtourism in decimated destinations. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.
ABSTRACT
In a highly globalized world affected by economic policies and a latent COVID-19 pandemic, companies need to organize or reorganize to achieve efficient operations. The correct management of organizations has led their administrators to adopt resourceful management models that guide their activities towards fulfilling their objectives. Thus, management tools have been presented as an effective alternative to control processes and activities. According to a previous study, the main tools that allow process mapping and modeling are Business Process Management (BPM), Business Process Reengineering (BPR), and Event Process Chain (EPC). This article analyzes their characteristics based on compatibility and affinity with four case studies dedicated to the assembly industry using this previous study. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the three tools related to the possible adaptability in the four companies are studied. This work uses qualitative qualification matrices, which answer specific questions, determine the potential improvement of organizational management, and create a methodology for mapping and modeling processes. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
ABSTRACT
This contribution investigates research opportunities in the field of architecture and design management focusing on user health in high traffic spaces. The field of application is Airport Passenger Terminals. Looking at the COVID-19 pandemic and anticipating the possibility of events of the same magnitude, it is necessary to approach the problem of the safety in public spaces. Based on the State of the Art about antimicrobial material studies, Science of Architecture could propose innovative solutions that are compliant with health safety and prevention for high-use surfaces. These solutions will combine antimicrobial materials with a digital solution that could manage data about surfaces, allowing the maintenance team to valuate and optimize operations. After few hours the hygiene level of copper-based surfaces is higher than any other material. Copper-based furniture could be paired with sensors that send data to management software. Combining the use of scientifically demonstrated antibacterial surfaces with high-performance management tools could be the best option to achieve health safety and contribute to social sustainability. Airport terminals are the ideal high-traffic buildings to use as test model because they have all the characteristics that could be analysed concerning the safety and the perception of safety of architectural spaces by users.
ABSTRACT
When speaking of extraordinary powers, we usually think of powers available to the executive during times of emergency. The outbreak of COVID-19 has impacted fundamentally the functioning of States, their democratic institutions and legal systems. Therefore, it is understandable that governments are continuing to resort to exceptional measures in seeking to get control over the spread of COVID-19. These exceptional measures inevitably restrict rights and institutional actions in ways that can be justified only in these extraordinary circumstances. It is in the greatest interest of society that these measures against COVID- 19 are imposed and enforced within the framework of established democratic principles, the international legal order and the rule of law. While some constitutions include detailed rules providing for a state of emergency (sometimes of various kinds) in the event of external or internal threats, others address emergencies by making use of rules that allow for a certain modification of the normal balance of powers between the executive and legislative powers. Interestingly, however, even where specific emergency constitutional mechanisms exist, Member States have preferred not to trigger them, either for historical reasons or for fear of triggering a mechanism perceived as too repressive. Legislation adopted in situations of emergency raises questions as to temporal limitations, scope and proportionality and legal certainty. This paper will analyze the extraordinary public powers that are usually reserved for emergency situations in which ordinary public powers are not sufficient to effectively deal with a crisis. Ordinary constitutional processes are too slow to respond to the immediate needs of the population, so that they must be restricted to enable swift help and relief to those affected. The comparative analysis in several states will overview the effects of the extraordinary powers in the form of emergency powers provided for by emergency legislation.
ABSTRACT
The global COVID-19 pandemic has forced many educators to move their courses to the online environment with little time to adjust. It especially affected undergraduate biology laboratory courses that rely on on-campus facilities to provide students with meaningful laboratory-type experiences. Here we describe a multisession, at-home, and hands-on laboratory activity that utilizes yogurt culturing to explore microbiology concepts. We also summarize the findings of 219 undergraduate students who successfully performed this lab remotely. In small virtual groups, students learned how to make yogurt at home, formulate a testable hypothesis, run an experiment on conditions necessary for yogurt fermentation, analyze experimental results, and present their results to peers in an oral scientific talk. Practical considerations include the use of low-cost and accessible materials, low-tech yet effective quantification approaches, and online note-taking and data management tools to coordinate group work and provide informal and formal assessment.
ABSTRACT
Purpose of the study: to develop a risk management system affecting the competitiveness of road construction organizations on the basis of the analysis of published scientific data. This study is based on an interdisciplinary approach, using logical, statistical, expert, systemic, dialectical and other methods of scientific knowledge, which made it possible to clarify the main risks and substantiate the main risk management tools at various levels of management decision-making. Using an expert method, the authors clarified the risks, assessed the probability of occurrence, the significance and the impact of risks on the level of competitiveness of road construction organizations in conditions of uncertainty caused by the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection. Based on the data of statistical observation, the general resistance of Russian road construction organizations to crisis risks was revealed. Guided by the principle of resource optimization, the authors have proposed a reasonable system for distributing risks by levels of managerial decision-making: immediate risk management;sharing risks with subjects of the external environment;risk management in the presence of opportunities;risk management can be postponed. Taking into account the best world experience and various opinions of the scientific community, the main risk management tools at various levels of management decision-making are identified and substantiated. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, Hoi An City was one of the most famous tourist destinations in the world. This led to a rapid increase in solid waste generation, leading to problems and challenges in solid waste collection and management. This problem is also being experienced by other developing countries of the world. Despite the existence of established waste management strategies, targets set for the collection of recyclable waste have not been met. This study introduces solutions to the problems and challenges faced by the waste management sector in Hoi An city and other developing countries. This study aimed to i) optimize the map of the recovery recycling stations in an urban community, ii) develop an effective solid waste collection system, and iii) provide management tools to enhance recycling activities, contributing to improving waste management in Hoi An city. METHODS: The RRSs were integrated into a solid waste collection system in the urban communities of Hoi An City, were conducted through location-allocation analysis in a geographic information system environment. Routing problems of carts were solved in the combination of the rescheduling of existing solid waste collection activities in the study site. The economic evaluation by scenarios was also calculated for ten years to assess the feasibility of scenarios. FINDINGS: Thirty-four locations were identified and optimized to accommodate the RRSs and new collection routes. The distances travelled and working time increased in proportion to the increase in waste separation effectiveness. Waste separation is vital to the effectiveness of the new solid waste collection system. The optimal solid waste practice model (in scenarios 2 and 4) revealed the positive results in improving the solid waste collection system, operating economy, and local adaptation. CONCLUSION: This study redesigned the solid waste collection system to solve the current problems in the tourism destination of Hoi An city. This study contributed as a case study of integrating urban recovery recycling stations into optimizing a solid waste collection system in a tourism destination. Introducing strict waste separation was the pivotal first step in systematically upgrading the solid waste collection system in Hoi An City. This study's findings provide government officials and service providers with methods that can be applied to solve the problems faced by Hoi An city's existing solid waste collection and management system.
ABSTRACT
The development and application of new forms of automation and monitoring, data mining, and the use of AI data sources and knowledge management tools in the water sector has been compared to a ‘digital revolution’. The state-of-the-art literature has analysed this transformation from predominantly technical and positive perspectives, emphasising the benefits of digitalisation in the water sector. Meanwhile, there is a conspicuous lack of critical literature on this topic. To bridge this gap, the paper advances a critical overview of the state-of-the art scholarship on water digitalisation, looking at the sociopolitical and ethical concerns these technologies generate. We did this by analysing relevant AI applications at each of the three levels of the UWC: technical, operational, and sociopolitical. By drawing on the precepts of urban political ecology, we propose a hydrosocial approach to the so-called ‘digital water ‘, which aims to overcome the one-sidedness of the technocratic and/or positive approaches to this issue. Thus, the contribution of this article is a new theoretical framework which can be operationalised in order to analyse the ethical–political implications of the deployment of AI in urban water management. From the overview of opportunities and concerns presented in this paper, it emerges that a hydrosocial approach to digital water management is timely and necessary. The proposed framework envisions AI as a force in the service of the human right to water, the implementation of which needs to be (1) critical, in that it takes into consideration gender, race, class, and other sources of discrimination and orients algorithms according to key principles and values;(2) democratic and participatory, i.e., it combines a concern for efficiency with sensitivity to issues of fairness or justice;and (3) interdisciplinary, meaning that it integrates social sciences and natural sciences from the outset in all applications.
ABSTRACT
In a highly globalized world affected by economic policies and a latent COVID-19 pandemic, companies need to organize or reorganize to achieve efficient operations. The correct management of organizations has led their administrators to adopt resourceful management models that guide their activities towards fulfilling their objectives. Thus, management tools have been presented as an effective alternative to control processes and activities. According to a previous study, the main tools that allow process mapping and modeling are Business Process Management (BPM), Business Process Reengineering (BPR), and Event Process Chain (EPC). This article analyzes their characteristics based on compatibility and affinity with four case studies dedicated to the assembly industry using this previous study. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the three tools related to the possible adaptability in the four companies are studied. This work uses qualitative qualification matrices, which answer specific questions, determine the potential improvement of organizational management, and create a methodology for mapping and modeling processes. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
ABSTRACT
According to the forecasts made by IEA, BP, and Total in early 2021, the demand for hydrocarbons will continue for decades, and their share in the global energy balance will remain significant. Russia, as a key player in the energy market, is interested in maintaining and increasing hydrocarbon production, so further exploitation of the Arctic energy resources is an urgent issue. A large number of onshore oil and gas projects have been successfully implemented in the Arctic since the 1930s, while recently, special attention has been paid to the offshore energy resources and implementation of natural gas liquefaction projects. However, the implementation of oil and gas projects in the Arctic is characterized by a negative impact on the environment, which leads to a violation of the ecological balance in the Arctic, and affects the stability of its ecosystem, which is one of the most vulnerable ecosystems on the planet. The main goal of the present study is to understand how the implementation of oil and gas projects in the Arctic affects the ecosystem, to assess the significance of this process, and to find out what the state and business could do to minimize it. In the article, the authors analyze energy trends, provide brief information about important oil and gas projects being implemented in the Arctic region of Russia, and investigate the challenges of the oil and gas projects’ development and its negative impacts on the Arctic environment. The main contributions of this paper are the identification of all possible environmental risks and processes accompanying oil and gas production, and its qualitative analysis and recommendations for the state and business to reduce the negative impact of oil and gas projects on the Arctic ecosystem. The research methodology includes desk studies, risk management tools (such as risk analysis, registers, and maps), brainstorming, the expert method, systematization, comparative analysis, generalization, and grouping.